Potassium fluoride Basic Product Information

Product Name	Potassium fluoride	CAS	7789-23-3
Synonyms	Potassium fluoride	Molecular Formula	FK
EINECS Number	232-151-5	Molecular Structure
Appearance	Light Yellow Powder
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Potassium fluoride literature

Investigation of KYF₄: Yb, Er // KYF₄ nanocrystals - Mechanism of the KYF₄ formation

Sch?fer,Ptacek,Hickmann,Prinz,Neumann,Haase

, p. 1914 - 1920 (2009)

This paper presents our investigation of the formation mechanism of cubic phase Yb³⁺ and Er ³⁺ doped nanoscale KYF₄. We generated Yb, Er doped KYF₄ nanoparticles, modified with undoped KYF₄ following

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Phase transitions in K₃AlF₆

Abakumov, Artem M.,Rossell, Marta D.,Alekseeva, Anastasiya M.,Vassiliev, Sergey Yu.,Mudrezova, Svetlana N.,Van Tendeloo, Gustaaf,Antipov, Evgeny V.

, p. 421 - 428 (2006)

Phase transitions in the elpasolite-type K₃AlF₆ complex fluoride were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, electron diffraction and X-ray powder diffraction. Three phase transitions were identified with critical temperatures T1=132°C, T2=153°C and T3=306°C. The α-K₃AlF₆ phase is stable below T₁ and crystallizes in a monoclinic unit cell with a=18.8588(2)A, b=34.0278(2)A, c=18.9231(1)A, β=90.453(1)° (a=2a_c-c_c, b=4b_c, c=a_c+2c_c; a_c, b_c, c_c - the basic lattice vectors of the face-centered cubic elpasolite structure) and space group I2/a or Ia. The intermediate β phase exists only in very narrow temperature interval between T₁ and T₂. The γ polymorph is stable in the T2a=36.1229(6)A, b=17.1114(3)A, c=12.0502(3)A (a=3a_c-3c_c, b=2b_c, c=a _c+c_c) at 250 °C and space group Fddd. Above T ₃ the cubic δ polymorph forms with ac=8.5786(4)A at 400 °C and space group Fm3m. The similarity between the K ₃AlF₆ and K₃MoO₃F₃ compounds is discussed.

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Two anhydrous salts of tetrafluoroterephthalic acid (H₂tF-BDC): K₂tF-BDC and Rb₂tF-BDC

Werker, Melanie,Dolfus, Benedikt,Ruschewitz, Uwe

, p. 2487 - 2492 (2013)

Two new anhydrous salts of tetrafluoroterephthalic acid (H ₂tF-BDC), namely K₂tF-BDC (1) and Rb₂tF-BDC (2), were synthesized and structurally characterized. The crystal structure of 1 (I2/m, Z = 2) was solved and refined from X-ray single crystal data. K ⁺ (CN = 8) is coordinated by six oxygen atoms of five different tF-BDC^2- linkers and two fluorine atoms of two of these linkers, which connect the KO₆F₂ polyhedra to a 3D network. The crystal structure of 2 (P1, Z = 1) was refined from X-ray powder diffraction data. It crystallizes in a structure type already known from Tl ₂tF-BDC. Rb⁺ (CN = 8) is also coordinated by six oxygen and two fluorine atoms. But six tF-BDC^2- linkers are involved in the coordination. Again, a 3D network is formed. Both compounds can be obtained as single-phase samples. They are not porous and stable in air. The thermal stability was investigated by DTA/TG measurements. The decomposition starts at approx. 200°C (1) and 230°C (2). Their good solubility in water makes them interesting starting materials for the synthesis of new MOFs with the perfluorinated linker tF-BDC^2-. Copyright

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Measurement of absolute rate data for the reaction of atomic potassium, K(4 ²S_1/2), with CF₃Cl, CF₂Cl₂, CFCl₃, CF₃Br and SF₆ as a function of temperature by time-resolved atomic resonance absorption spectroscopy at λ = 404 nm [k(5 ²P_J) ← K(4 ²S_1/2)]

Husain, David,Lee, Yook Heng

, p. 2325 - 2337 (1987)

We present a kinetic study of the reactions of atomic potassium in its electronic ground state, K(4²S_1/2), with the molecules CF₃Cl, CF₂Cl₂, CFCl₃, CF₃Br and SF₆. Atomic potassium was generated by pulsed irradiation of potassium halide vapour at elevated temperatures and monitored in the 'single-shot mode' by time-resolved atomic resonance absorption using the Rydberg doublet at λ = 404 nm [K(5 ²P_J) ← K(4 ²S_1/2)]. Absolute rate constants for reaction with these molecules were determined as a function of temperature yielding the following Arrhenius parameters (errors 1σ): A/10^-10 cm³ molecules^-1 s^-1 E/kJ mol^-1 CF₃Cl 1.1±0.5 13.8±2.5 CF₂Cl₂ 2.1±0.6 5.5±0.5 CFCl₃ ca. 1 ca. 0 CF₃Br 3.9±0.4 12.3±0.6 SF₆ 8.4±1.33 12.3±0.9 CF₄ exhibited anomalous kinetic behaviour. These results represent the first kinetic measurements, relative or absolute, for these fundamental reactions of atomic potassium. This new set of absolute rate data are compared with analogous results reported hitherto for atomic sodium, Na(3 ²S_1/2), both alkali-metal atoms exhibiting rapid reactions characterised by small energy barriers and being highly exothermic in character.

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Exploration on anion ordering, optical properties and electronic structure in K₃WO₃F₃ elpasolite

Atuchin,Isaenko,Kesler,Lin,Molokeev,Yelisseyev,Zhurkov

, p. 159 - 164 (2012)

Room-temperature modification of potassium oxyfluorotungstate, G2-K ₃WO₃F₃, has been prepared by low-temperature chemical route and single crystal growth. Wide optical transparency range of 0.39.4 μm and forbidden band gap E_g=4.32 eV have been obtained for G2-K₃WO₃F₃ crystal. Meanwhile, its electronic structure has been calculated with the first-principles calculations. The good agreement between the theorectical and experimental results have been achieved. Furthermore, G2-K₃WO₃F₃ is predicted to possess the relatively large nonlinear optical coefficients. 2012 Elsevier Inc.

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Wet chemical synthesis of LiBaF₃ phosphor

Singh, Vartika S.,Joshi,Moharil

, p. 165 - 168 (2013)

LiBaF₃ has great potential applications as X-ray storage phosphor, slow neutron imaging, scintillator, vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) optical lithography, etc. Conventionally, LiBaF₃ is prepared by solid state reaction between the constituent fluorides. However, the preparation of phase pure material and especially single crystals is rather tricky due to incongruent melting. For the first time, a wet chemical preparation of rare earth activated LiBaF₃ is described here. As precipitated powders containing Ce ³⁺ or Tb³⁺ exhibited characteristic luminescence. For observing Eu²⁺ emission, it was necessary to heat the powders in a reductive atmosphere. It is suggested that phosphors prepared by this method may prove useful in applications like OSL, X-ray imaging, etc. which do not require large single crystals.

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The mild hydrothermal synthesis of complex fluorides of AZnF₃ (A = Na, K)

Li, Hong,Jia, Zhihong,Shi, Chunshan

, p. 1106 - 1107 (2000)

The complex fluorides of AZnF₃ (A = Na, K), which are isostructural with perovskite phases were obtained by the method of hydrothermal synthesis at 160-220 °C. Compared with traditional high-temperature solid-state method, the products were pure and contained lower amount of oxygen.

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A novel ¹⁸F labelled imidazo-oxazolopyridine derivative as β-amyloid imaging agent: Synthesis and preliminary evaluation

Singh, Shivani,Singh, Sweta,Tiwari, Anjani Kumar,Sharma, Rakesh Kumar,Mathur, Rashi,Kaul, Ankur

, p. 183 - 190 (2018)

Visualization of β-amyloid plaques in brain is pivotal for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. In the present study, we have designed, synthesized and evaluated an imidazo-oxazolopyridine derivative, 2-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-6- yl]oxa

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Molecular Beam Study of Steric Effects in the Reaction K + HF (v = 1, j = 2) -> KF + H

Hoffmeister, Manfred,Schleysing, Ruediger,Loesch, Hansjuergen

, p. 5441 - 5445 (1987)

HF molecules were optically aligned by use of linearly polarized infrared radiation generated by a color center laser tuned to the R₁(l) line of HF.The state-specific integral cross section of the reaction K + HF (v = 1, j = 2) -> KF + H was measured for the two different preparations of the approach geometry which result when the plane of polarization is positioned either parallel (?_<*>) or perpendicular (?_<*>) to the most probable relative velocity of the reagents.At a translational energy of E_tr = 0.46 eV the resulting relative difference of the cross sections (?_<*> - ?_<*>)/?<*>(?<*> = 1/2(?_<*> + ?_<*>)) amounts to 17 +/- 5percent.This steric effect decreases with rising E_tr and reaches zero near 1.2 eV.The data strongly suggest that the reaction occurs via a collinear transition state.

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The crystal structure of α-K₃AIF₆: Elpasolites and double perovskites with broken corner-sharing connectivity of the octahedral framework

Abakumov, Artem M.,King, Graham,Laurinavichute, Veronika K.,Rozova, Marina G.,Woodward, Patrick M.,Antipov, Evgeny V.

, p. 9336 - 9344 (2009)

The crystal structure of α-K₃AIF₆ was solved and refined from a combination of powder X-ray and neutron diffraction data (a = 18.8385(3)A, c = 33.9644(6)A, S.G. /4₁ Z= 80, R _P(X-ray) = 0.037, R_p(neutr

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A metabolically stable PET tracer for imaging synaptic vesicle protein 2A: synthesis and preclinical characterization of [¹⁸F]SDM-16

Zheng, Chao,Holden, Daniel,Zheng, Ming-Qiang,Pracitto, Richard,Wilcox, Kyle C.,Lindemann, Marcel,Felchner, Zachary,Zhang, Li,Tong, Jie,Fowles, Krista,Finnema, Sjoerd J.,Nabulsi, Nabeel,Carson, Richard E.,Huang, Yiyun,Cai, Zhengxin

, p. 1482 - 1496 (2021/11/16)

Purpose: To quantify the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) changes in the whole central nervous system (CNS) under pathophysiological conditions, a high affinity SV2A PET radiotracer with improved in vivo stability is desirable to minimize the potential confounding effect of radiometabolites. The aim of this study was to develop such a PET tracer based on the molecular scaffold of UCB-A, and evaluate its pharmacokinetics, in vivo stability, specific binding, and nonspecific binding signals in nonhuman primate brains, in comparison with [¹¹C]UCB-A, [¹¹C]UCB-J, and [¹⁸F]SynVesT-1. Methods: The racemic SDM-16 (4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-1-((2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)pyrrolidin-2-one) and its two enantiomers were synthesized and assayed for in vitro binding affinities to human SV2A. We synthesized the enantiopure [¹⁸F]SDM-16 using the corresponding enantiopure arylstannane precursor. Nonhuman primate brain PET scans were performed on FOCUS 220 scanners. Arterial blood was drawn for the measurement of plasma free fraction (f_P), radiometabolite analysis, and construction of the plasma input function. Regional time-activity curves (TACs) were fitted with the one-tissue compartment (1TC) model to obtain the volume of distribution (V_T). Nondisplaceable binding potential (BP_ND) was calculated using either the nondisplaceable volume of distribution (V_ND) or the centrum semiovale (CS) as the reference region. Results: SDM-16 was synthesized in 3 steps with 44% overall yield and has the highest affinity (K_i = 0.9?nM) to human SV2A among all reported SV2A ligands. [¹⁸F]SDM-16 was prepared in about 20% decay-corrected radiochemical yield within 90?min, with greater than 99% radiochemical and enantiomeric purity. This radiotracer displayed high specific binding in monkey brains and was metabolically more stable than the other SV2A PET tracers. The f_P of [¹⁸F]SDM-16 was 69%, which was higher than those of [¹¹C]UCB-J (46%), [¹⁸F]SynVesT-1 (43%), [¹⁸F]SynVesT-2 (41%), and [¹⁸F]UCB-H (43%). The TACs were well described with the 1TC. The averaged test–retest variability (TRV) was 7 ± 3%, and averaged absolute TRV (aTRV) was 14 ± 7% for the analyzed brain regions. Conclusion: We have successfully synthesized a novel SV2A PET tracer [¹⁸F]SDM-16, which has the highest SV2A binding affinity and metabolical stability among published SV2A PET tracers. The [¹⁸F]SDM-16 brain PET images showed superb contrast between gray matter and white matter. Moreover, [¹⁸F]SDM-16 showed high specific and reversible binding in the NHP brains, allowing for the reliable and sensitive quantification of SV2A, and has potential applications in the visualization and quantification of SV2A beyond the brain.

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NHC-Copper Mediated Ligand-Directed Radiofluorination of Aryl Halides

Sharninghausen, Liam S.,Brooks, Allen F.,Winton, Wade P.,Makaravage, Katarina J.,Scott, Peter J. H.,Sanford, Melanie S.

supporting information, p. 7362 - 7367 (2020/08/19)

[18F]-labeled aryl fluorides are widely used as radiotracers for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Aryl halides (ArX) are particularly attractive precursors to these radiotracers, as they are readily available, inexpensive, and stable. However, to date, the direct preparation of [18F]-aryl fluorides from aryl halides remains limited to SNAr reactions between highly activated ArX substrates and K18F. This report describes an aryl halide radiofluorination reaction in which the C(sp2)-18F bond is formed via a copper-mediated pathway. Copper N-heterocyclic carbene complexes serve as mediators for this transformation, using aryl halide substrates with directing groups at the ortho position. This reaction is applied to the radiofluorination of electronically diverse aryl halide derivatives, including the bioactive molecules vismodegib and PH089.

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Compositions, methods, and systems for the synthesis and use of imaging agents

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Page/Page column 92, (2016/08/17)

The present invention generally relates to novel synthetic methods, systems, kits, salts, and precursors useful in medical imaging. In some embodiments, the present invention provides compositions comprising an imaging agent precursor, which may be formed using the synthetic methods described herein. An imaging agent may be converted to an imaging agent using the methods described herein. In some cases, the imaging agent is enriched in ¹⁸F. In some cases, an imaging agent including salt forms (e.g., ascorbate salt) may be used to image an area of interest in a subject, including, but not limited to, the heart, cardiovascular system, cardiac vessels, brain, and other organs.

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Potassium fluoride Upstream and downstream

7789-23-3 Upstream product

• 7664-39-3

  hydrogen fluoride 

• 7440-09-7

  potassium 

• 1310-58-3

  potassium hydroxide 

• 354-87-0

  pentafluoroethanesulfonyl fluoride 

• 423-40-5

  1-perfluoropropanesulfonyl fluoride 

• 335-05-7

  Trifluoromethanesulfonyl fluoride 

• 584-08-7

  potassium carbonate 

• 1493-05-6

  difluoro-nitro-methane 

7789-23-3 Downstream Products

• 7789-24-4

  lithium fluoride 

• 7558-02-3

  potassium bromide 

• 7647-14-5

  sodium chloride 

• 13455-22-6

  potassium fluorosulfonate 

• 16893-92-8

  potassium hexafluoroantimonate 

• 13827-01-5

  potassium trifluoromanganate(II) 

• 20910-24-1

  potassium pentafluorohafnate monohydrate 

• 7783-40-6

  magnesium fluoride 

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